Turkey
Taxed as resident self-employment income (15–40%), and the bigger cost is often Bağ-Kur social security (~33–35%). Foreign-client service income may be VAT-zero-rated but is still income-taxable.
Self-employment professional income (serbest meslek kazancı) or commercial income via a sole proprietorship. Residents taxed on worldwide income.
Progressive ~15–40% on net professional income (receipts less expenses).
Bağ-Kur (SGK 4/b) self-employed social security is significant (~33–35% of the assessed base), paid by the individual.
Register as serbest meslek erbabı (e-SMM receipts) or set up a şahıs şirketi. VAT 20%, but service exports to a foreign firm can be 0%-rated.
No dedicated crypto income tax yet; USDC is converted to TRY and taxed as ordinary professional income. Reporting is tightening.